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KMID : 0350519960490020793
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Journal of Catholic Medical College
1996 Volume.49 No. 2 p.793 ~ p.801
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Effects of Dan-Jeon Breathing on the Immune Cells and Stress
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Abstract
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This study was designed to investigate the effects of Dan-Jeon Breathing (DJB) on the immune cells, perceived stress, depression and anxiety among clinical nurses. DJB as a kind of abdominal deep breathing consisted of physical relaxation
exercise,
DJB
and cooling down phase.
Eighteen and twenty-four subje3cts were assigned to the control and the experimental groups, respectively ; these two groups received both pretest and posttest. Those selected subjects were not taking any medicine influencing their immune
functions, nor
participating any program for relieving stress including drinking and smoking. There were no significant differences between these groups in terms of their age, marital status, career, personality, satisfaction with their jobs, etc. The
experimental
group participated in the DJB for 60 minutes a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks.
As for data collection, lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using monoclonal antibodies with either fluorescence or phycoerythrin to quantify CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16. And stress, depression and anxiety were examined by self-reported questionnaire. In
analyzing
data, both paired and unpaired t-tests were used.
@ES The results were as follows;
@EN 1. The total number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood decreased significantly only in the experimental group after DJB. The experimental group showed a significant decrease in the number of neutrophil and increase in the number of
lymphocyte,
while no significant changes in theses cells were found in the control group. These observed decrement in neutrophil and the increment in lymphocyte in the experimental group showed a significnat difference when compared to the change in the
control
group.
2. The number of T lymphocyte (CD3+) and of helper T cell (CD4+) increased significantly after DJB in the experimental group only. The increment in the suppressor T cell (CD8+) was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the
control
group. The ratio of helper/suppressor T cell was not significant. The number of natural killer cell (CD16+) increased significantly in experimental group only; this increment was significant when compared to the increment in the control group.
3. General stress decreased significantly in the experimental group. The change in general stress in the experimental group was significantly different from the change in the control group. Job stress revealed no significant difference between
the
experimental and the control groups after DJB.
4. After DJB, both depression and anxiety decreased significantly in the experimental group, while only the change in depression in the experimental group was significantly from the change in the control group.
The above findings indicate that Dan-Jeon Breathing was effective in increasing immune cells and decreasing the level of perceived stress, depression and anxiety. Hence, dan-jeon Breathing is suggested as an intervention to mange stress and to
improve
general health status among clinical nurses.
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KEYWORD
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